A message on Guru Purnima by Swami Tejomayananda
PDF to be attached
A message on Guru Purnima by Swami Tejomayananda
PDF to be attached
Upasana of the Guru is not a mere servile atten¬dance upon him in an attitude of growing dis¬gust, or in a mood of mel¬ancholy dis¬satisfaction. The disci¬ple, out of sheer love and rever¬ence for the Master, for¬gets himself and serves him at all times and in all possible ways; thereby the student is made to remember, constantly, the glories and the noble qualities of the Master. The constant mental awareness of the Ideal through the person of the Guru slowly and steadily raises the moral tempo and ethical goodness in the neophyte who finds himself well-established in his inner purity which would otherwise have taken him painfully long years to develop.
Again, this sort of “love-making” with the Guru, not through the heart and its sentiments, but through the intellect and its idealization, makes the disciple efficient to set himself in unison with the Master which is essential for the student if he is to really benefit by the Master’s original ideas, minted in the seer’s own inner experien¬ces. When suggestive words of deep import are given out by a Teacher in his moments of inspiration, the student at once understands the Teacher. It is for this reason that Sankara is compelled to declare that as a result of Guru upasana, the disciple becomes capable of liberating himself from his limitations.
“He, who is well-versed in the scriptures, sinless, unaffiliated by desires, a full knower of the Sup¬reme, who has retired into the Supreme, who is as calm as the fire that has burnt up its fuel, who is a boundless ocean of mercy that needs no cause for its expression and who is an intimate friend of those who have surrendered unto him.”
Sankara exhausts his list of adjectives in enumerating the qualities of the true Guru to supplement his declara¬tion that the Master should be well-established in the supreme Consciousness. Certain qualities which, on a closer observation, reveal that every man of realization and wisdom cannot aspire to and become an efficient Teacher of spirituality. To guide and instruct a deluded soul and help him to unwind himself and unravel the knotty traits in him, one must have something more than a perfect experience. The Teacher must, no doubt have full realization but he must also have a complete grasp of the great scriptures. Without the study of the scrip¬tures even the Self-realized Master will not have the language or the technique of expression to convey his profound knowledge to his disciples.
Apart from spiritual knowledge and erudition, the Guru must also have great self-control and the immense riches of a well-developed heart. He must have an irresistible flow of mercy which demands no special cause for its manifestation, especially when it descends upon those who have surrendered themselves to him, having reached his feet as spiritual refugees.
It is well-known that in all constitutions, laws are prescribed both for the governors and the governed. Sankara is as vehement in prescribing specifications for a true and honest Teacher as he is in describing the prerequisites for a spiritual aspirant.
“Worshipping that Guru with deep devotion, when he is pleased with your surrender, humility and service approach him and ask him to explain what you must know.”
Therefore, Sankara explains how a seeker should approach the Teacher and learn, first of all, to love him, trust him and later on, through love-inspired acts of service, become receptive and establish an intimate rapport filled with reverence. Such a relationship alone will yield results. Therefore, Vedanta is almost overemphasizing the method of approaching the Teacher. These days, unfortunately, we find seekers who think nothing about calling over the phone to enquire from the Teacher at the other end of the city about the goal of life, the path, and the means and so on. Such a telephone-tuition is not possible in spirituality and the seeker of a spiritual life and religious truths is asked to approach the Master in an attitude of reverence and surrender. Then alone can the Teacher acquaint the disciple with the knowledge of the Self.
Seekers should not misuse the Teacher and discuss with him secular questions or domestic problems. It is almost prohibited. He should be asked only about the special knowledge of the Self in which he is perfect.
“O Master, O friend of those who reverentially surrender to thee, thou ocean of mercy, I salute thee; save me, fallen, as I am into this sea of change, with a direct glance from thy eyes which rain nectarine Grace supreme.”
Any discordant notes arising in the bosom of the disciple create disturbances which molest rape and disturb the true significance of the scriptural words used by the Master during his discourses. In order that we ourselves may not create any discordant notes and destroy the harmony, we as students are asked to serve and surrender, to pray and worship at the Master’s feet.
It is only when an individual develops his sensibility, subtle enough to recognize these weaknesses in life that he comes to feel such a pressing urgency for liberation. When he experiences this, he comes to demand of the Guru, safety and shelter from the threatening cries of death with their poisoning evil experiences in life. We should not construe death to mean only the experience of dying which is the lot of all beings, but it is to be understood in its broadest sense as the poison of finitude. Every moment there is death, as each experience dies away, and out of its ashes springs the next circumstance to be experienced. The disciple asks for guidance to the realms beyond death—a state of living in which the experience of life is the continuous, homogeneous, Bliss Absolute.
A man of full realization instinctively becomes a lover of the whole universe. Like spring, his is a love which demands no cause to flower into a wealth of blossoms. He who has discovered that the Self within himself is none other than the All-pervading Consciousness which is non-dual, he instantaneously discovers It to be in the core of all pluralistic forms around him.
Living as he does in this intimate understanding of One¬ness, he cannot but love others as his very own Self. In his case, universal love is not an art to be practiced, not a formality to be followed, nor a goal to be reached; it is his very life breath. This can be brought within the understanding of the laity through a comparison.
There can be no occasion for you to feel a constant hatred for any part of your own body. Even if your hand or your leg gives you a dose of pain, your anger towards them cools down when you realize that they are but your own hand or leg. For instance, if the finger of your right hand accidentally pokes your right eye, it is a case of one part of your body giving pain to another part of it. These can be moments of terrible protest of anger mixed with pain. But almost immediately you realize that it is your own forefinger that is the culprit and you cool down to a spirit of mercy and tolerance and paternally ignore both the offender and the offended. It would be foolish to punish the finger for; the pain to it would be more pain to yourself only. Similarly, when one has realized that the Reality within him is the pith and substance that constitutes all others in the universe, love and kindness are natural and continuous in his bosom for all in the world.
On understanding the essence of Truth in ourselves, we gain a freedom from the sense of finitude which was ours so long as we identified ourselves with the body, mind and intellect.
Since these disturbances can no longer affect a man of Perfection, it is one of the surest symptoms of knowledge and saintliness if we can observe an individual who is, under all provocative circumstances, infinitely at peace with himself and with the world. Therefore a Sant is a man of true broad-mindedness which is the natural outcome of kindness, tolerance etc. This is the Flag of Realization.
To say that a Mahapurusha after Realization, casting off his desires, will retire, totally, to a dark cave in the Himalayas, to count his days of forced existence in this corporeal form is fallacious. He may dwell in the cave or may walk about in the market-place; where he lives is a matter of no concern to him. Wherever he be, whether in a jail among criminals or among devotees in a temple, irresistibly, instinctively, he will spread around him an aura of knowledge, light, cheer, joy and peace. It is his very nature. Just as heat is the nature of fire and we cannot say that fire creates or generates heat.
Sankara gives us an inimitable example when he com¬pares the Mahatmas and the touch of joy they lend to the world with the spring season When spring comes, it does not court every tree to bring forth its flowers, nor does it reach the world and canvass the moon to be brighter, the sky to be clearer and cleaner, the grass to be thicker and every heart to be more joyous, The presence of spring and the concomitant conditions are complementary. The one cannot be without the other.
Similarly, it is for the Mahatma to spread knowledge and cheer around him and whenever true seekers reach him, they are irresistibly drawn into his orbit to bask in the warmth of his personality.
The poetic suggestion is that he, reveling in his own experience, is one who, unasked, helps others to cross the shores of delusion and sorrow. Therefore, to sur¬render to such a one, requesting him to save us from our misunderstandings is to assure for ourselves a true liberation—almost a luxury liner to Truth!
Disciples are always fools, they will never be able to see and understand a master in action. They look at it from their stupid intellectual ‘brilliancy’. Masters are deeper than that; they cannot be comprehended by the intellect……………..
It was an utter vairagya that Swami Tapovanji Maharaj lived every moment and this I am talking of what grossly you are seeing. But that was not He. He was pure Brahman itself. At least to me he was. To unveil Him and His glory, His vibhuti is in the hearts of others—because he was always a recluse, he always shelled himself in and didn’t want anybody to disturb him and therefore, when I reached therein, a rascal of the best type, the darkest, dreariest, stupid fellow that ever was, he in his own way, with his own light touches carved out of it what I am now. So I thought that I must come and bring it out to others. And how to tell them? Not that Swami Tapovan Maharaj was there—he was from Kerala—he was a Sanskrit scholar etc. That is not He, that is the outer wrapping. Now how to explain to you all that I saw him outside was what I saw in the Upanishads and the Bhagawad Geeta. Therefore I thought that these two books must become permanently known by everyone and therefore the work started
It was only to unveil Him to everyone at all levels that we tried to take the message. We did it all to unveil Shri Tapovan Mahima. Tapovanji Maharaj was not a person. He was not any historical entity, he is not a saint of the ordinary order, he was indeed a miraculous thing, or a great luck for the society that he lived in our times. But he lived the philosophy or the highest Reality in every movement of his. Even shifting the leg in his sitting posture from morning to evening. He sat on in that verandah in that corner…. (You) Try! You may say that what an idler he must have been! He sat there for 40-45 years of his life. He sat down there and there alone, ever established in his own Self and expressing it in his smile, in his looks, in his graciousness and in his study or teaching. In all his words, whatever he did was only just a glorification and a reflection of the infinite Self in him he lived. It is that master who is your grandsire in this organization and we thought that there must at least be a symbol and he is being now brought here to be present and be a witness of what we are doing. That is why he is turning into the ashram as he always remained turned into the sanctum sanctorum; never turned outwards. Therefore he is not facing the door, watching who is coming or who is going but he is turned towards the ashram as a Silent Witness of what is going on here. So that when the baser thoughts come, the vulgar promptings come, remember there is a silent witness standing there watching over you.
This master thus is impossible to explain and describe. He was not a person. As a person when I describe him it becomes almost indecent, incompetent. It does not explain what it is exactly. He was a presence. And a presence or a fragrance how can you explain? A light, a joy is something to be experienced. This is my attitude and experience with him and therefore it is difficult to explain or describe him. Even in his own book the “Ishwar Darshan” in which he tries to give his data, he has given it as a satire ; that on such and such day a boy was born and that boy was Subramaniam… etc. It is a story of that boy as if he has no connection with him.
That structure was only the container but the contents was Tapovanam. And he was a presence, a light, a glow. As such it is impossible to communicate it. And the only way to communicate is that you also study the Geeta and learn to live the righteous life and to experi¬ence what Swami Tapovanam is. And hence this unveil¬ing ceremony. It is not a mere statue. It is a presence. Therefore all the students in the morning invoke his grace, a very powerful one, in order to make you an adhikari for the study of the Upanishads and for the help in meditation. However disturbed you may be, or I can say I may be, a little falling at his feet, a little turning up towards him is sufficient for me. I don’t say for you also it will be the same. I can’t say that My experience is that he can put you back on the rails very quickly… Make use of him…you can.
The glory of what the mission is doing is all his glory. If others are being benefited is again from him only. I am incapable of, in any way, communicating. Maybe I am an instrument in communicating. But what are being communicated are his thoughts, his ideas. The majority of the examples, for which I am famous in the country, are all his examples. I have been looting from him and without giving his name getting the glory to myself. But his examples were given in such a serious mood. He never came down from the great peaks of his inner quietitude. We are invoking him to be present here and bless our efforts and guide us on the right lines.
How are we to know a teacher, then?
The sun requires no torch to make him visible;
we need not light a candle in order to see him.
When the sun rises,
we instinctively become aware of the fact,
and when a teacher of men
comes to help us,
the soul will instinctively know that Truth
has already begun to shine upon it.
Truth stands on its own evidence;
it does not require any other testimony
to prove it true;
it is self-effulgent.
It penetrates into the innermost corners of our nature,
and in its presence the whole universe stands up and says,
“This is Truth”.
The teachers whose Wisdom and Truth
shine like the light of the sun,
are the very greatest the world has known.
The guru and disciple relationship is unavoidable. Every great master has been under
the guidance of a teacher. So it is not true when they say that a teacher is not necessary—that
we can reach there just through books.
But you have to understand very carefully. To say the guru is necessary does not mean that the guru will take the responsibility that you must meet a guru and thereafter the guru will carry you to the goal.
The relationship between the teacher and the taught is exactly like the relationship of the gardener and the flowers on the bush. The gardener does not create the flowers from the soil and the manure; the flowers must themselves come from the bush. The poor garde¬ner can only tend its roots, water it, protect it, see that it has the correct amount of sunlight and shade-all these externals, “nursing,” he can provide. But no mere gardener can guarantee the blossom; it can come only from the bush itself.
Similarly, the teacher’s job is to nurture the student the student must be nourished with the right thoughts. The student must be given a conducive and protective environment where he or she need not overstrain just to live. But the blossoming—the real fragrance and beauty of the personality—must come from within.
There are some gurus who will say that they will carry you to the goal. Those are all “mule gurus.” You can ride on them. But the true gurus only show you the way and encourage you to keep up…
As the student advances and the mind becomes quiet and concentrated, its subtler powers come to manifest themselves—they are called siddhis. If you revel in the play of these psychic powers, you may never reach the Highest. Here, too, the guru is needed—to knock you down: “Why are you tarrying here? You may enjoy such fascinations in passing, but don’t stay here and play with these toys, for you are still only playing with the mind, and you will never reach the Highest. Go forward!”…
You ask, “How does one choose a guru?” It is not question of the disciple selecting the guru. No. He gravitates toward a guru, and he will find exactly the guru he needs for his mental development at this time.
So choose whatever guru comes to you. But may you understand that the only guru is He, the Lord, who expresses in many forms.
The relation between the Guru and the disciple is extremely sacred, everlasting and spiritual. There is no worldly relationship to which it can be compared. The true and ideal disciple’s devotion to his Guru excels the devotion that an ideal son has for his father, an ideal Pativrata has for her husband, a most loyal servant has for his master. The disciple’s devotion to Guru is equal only to his devotion to God. A spiritual aspirant must revere and honour all saints. But that supreme Guru Bhakti he can have only towards one of them – his embodiment of God Himself. The devotee does not become a slave by obeying the Guru. He becomes the King of Kings, Atma-Samrat. There is no other way to subdue the ego, and annihilate it in toto, except obedience to the Guru, service of the Guru and humility. Therefore, Guru Bhakti and Guru Seva are indispensable for Self-realisation.
Sumi Roy, a bubbling youngster from Guwahati, Assam is one of the newest sevaks of Chinmaya Mission. She was a member of the National Cadet Corps for over four years and later on joined the National Service Scheme for another six years, organising awareness and empowerment programs. She won the District Youth Award in 2007 and the State Youth Award in 2008. She is an inspiration to all. Here she is talking to us on how she found her true calling, Service. Where and how did your association with the Chinmaya Mission begin? When I was in college, my professor who was the secretary of the youth wing of the Mission (CHYK) asked me to take part in a play called ‘Surya 108’. Also, two of my friends who had done the Youth Empowerment Programme (YEP) inspired me to join the course. These were my first associations with the Mission activities. Then I joined YEP and there was no turning back. When was it that you decided you wanted to serve the Mission full time? At the end of our Yuva Veer course, we were in a satsanga with Pujya Guruji. He asked whether any one of us would like to the join the Mission full time. Some people, including me, raised our hands and he wondered out loud how many of us would keep our promises. I had raised my hand on impulse, but I still had not made up my mind. Later on, when I went back to my centre – CORD Sidhbari – Kshama didi enquired about my plans after the service period. She is someone who deeply inspires me and she told me not to leave it there, but to continue serving the society in whatever way possible. And I realised in the depths of my heart that I could relate and identify with service as my passion. Hence, if I joined any corporate office, I would not be able to fulfill my desire to serve properly. I also found that it is one way of giving to society the knowledge I had gained. So I grabbed the opportunity and joined the Assam branch of Chinmaya Mission. To dedicate one’s life to service, one needs a role model or inspiration. Did you have any who inspired you to go the ‘other way’? Well, the first person who inspired me, instilled confidence and made me what I am today is my Guru – Swami Mitrananda. He came into my life when I was in search of guidance and showed me the way. I remember one incident that happened as we were nearing the conclusion of our course. I was being interviewed by Swamiji, and he asked me where I would like to be posted for serving. And my reply was that I wished to go back to Assam, to which Swamiji remarked that I should learn to step out of my comfort zone. This made me understand where I stood and where I have to reach if I have to achieve my heart’s desire. The other person who inspired me is Kshama didi. Mitranandaji had told me once that Kshama didi was a person who dedicated her entire life to serve the needy. She has been serving people for over 25 years now. He looked at me in the eye and said that he was looking for another ‘Kshama Metre!’ I don’t think I can reach the standards she has set, but this line will always inspire me to reach greater and greater heights. What is the need for such organisations like Chinmaya Mission (CM) today? Well, Chinmaya Mission is an organisation that awakens people to the glory of their own culture. It has empowered millions of all ages, from all walks of life to live a life of higher ideals. Such organisations keep people inspired and act as a guiding light in keeping this culture of ours alive. What do you do for the Assam Chinmaya Mission? My main work in Assam CM is administration. I also help in coordinating and organising yajnas and camps. I take value education classes for youngsters and kids, inspiring and motivating them to live a life of higher ideals. As a woman, did you find any difficulties when you were serving in Sidhbari? In YEP, Swamiji had put each person in the place which is right for that person. Serving at CORD is not easy. It requires passion and commitment. For example, you may have to walk across a hill to reach a village; you may be alone and there would be no houses. At first, such obstacles seemed to be difficult, but soon I was able to overcome all these minor obstacles. All you need is clarity on what you want and the willingness to take up the responsibility and be accountable. It doesn’t matter whether you are a boy or a girl – in the final tally, only your faith and your availability matters. How would you like to define YEP and how life has changed after YEP? YEP is a 3 month residential course based on dynamic living through study of the scriptures and thought-provoking activities to mould, the leaders of tomorrow. After the course, the Yuva Veers go out and serve the country for a year. This way they grow for life. It reaffirms the statement made by our Pujya Gurudev that the “Youth are not useless, but used less!” This is YEP in a nutshell. My life in Assam gave me limited exposure to the world, and deep down I aspired for something more. That is the main reason I joined YEP. And surely, after I joined YEP, my vision broadened and I became more receptive. In my opinion, YEP is a course that brings out the best in an individual and gives one a glimpse of what lies beyond his/her narrow vision. It guides the youth to think and live positive. For me, YEP has been my backbone. It has kept me straight on the path and given me the strength to overcome all obstacles. Before YEP I was really confused whether I should work for money or for satisfaction, but now things have changed. You have been here for the past fourteen days, how has this Sevaks’ Camp changed your outlook on the Mission? Till now I was involved in only one part of the Mission, but in this camp I got to see the whole picture. The different aspects of the Mission, its vastness and various activities which influence the lives of millions were seen. It is like having known a book by its cover. To understand the depth of the book, all its pages have to be explored and understood. Also, it was a great opportunity to meet people who have been associated with Pujya Gurudev Swami Chinmayananda and served the Mission for many years. I was able to learn from them as well as draw inspiration hearing their stories and experiences. Now I know that I took the right decision. What are the areas where you feel you can help the Mission? After attending the camp, I am sure I can help in areas such as CORD – rural development activities. We are already planning to conduct medical camps in rural schools, help in creating awareness of our books and publications. Also I may be able to coordinate the translation of certain books into Assamese with the help of the Devi group members there. So, how do you see your journey from here? Right now, I want to focus on doing what I have to do. I have not looked too far into the future. I only want to keep serving. I am CM, for life!
The two-year Vedanta course at Sandeepany Sadhanalaya in Mumbai demands rigorous personal discipline, deep devotion and intense scriptural study Chinmaya Mission’s training program is no ordinary course of study. It is a 24/7 commitment of body, mind and soul to an immersive spiritual adventure. A recent graduate, Vivek, recounts his extraordinary experience.
Challenges and Fulfillment. When I lived in a university residence, I often heard students complain about how difficult it is to live in close quarters with others. I also heard some of my married friends whine endlessly about living with their spouse. Both these situations are trying, but there is always a chance to escape—which is what we always do. We try to run away from our mind via entertainment, relationships, even work.
Living in Sandeepany was a thousand times more challenging. All that I had ever depended on was taken away: cell phone, television, restaurants, friends—I was only left with my mind. I was forced to live with the minimum; and if I could not handle this, I suffered. There was no escape from this suffering but to face it and transcend it. Classmate Vimal had a similar experience: “Only after studying at Sandeepany did I realize that happiness is independent of outer circumstances; that it resides in my own heart. One is forced to spend time in solitude, in ruminating, in silent searching, in discovering, in fighting the uprising of negative tendencies within.” For some, the experience was too much. Of the 60 of us who began, ten left before completion for a variety of reasons, including being dismissed.
To act in life “WITHOUT ANY EXPECTATION OF RESULTS” would seem to be an almost impossible method.
This fundamental truth, very well known and easily com¬prehended by all, is, in the language of the Geeta, a simple statement: “If success you seek, then never strive with a mind dissipated with anxieties and fears for the fruits.” In this connection it is very interesting to dissect carefully and discover exactly what the Shastra means when it says: “Fruits-of-action.”
In fact, the reward of an action, when we understand it properly, is not anything different from the action itself. An action in the PRESENT, when conditioned by a FUTURE-time, itself, appears as the fruit-of-the-action. In fact, the action ends, or fulfils itself, only in its reaction, and the reaction is not anything different from the action; an action in the present, defined in terms of a future moment, is its reaction. Therefore, to worry over and get ourselves pre-occupied with the anxieties for the rewards-of-actions is to escape from the dynamic PRESENT and to live in a FUTURE that is not yet born! Wrong imaginations are the banes of life, and all failures in life can be directly traced to have risen from an impoverished mental equanimity, generally created by unintelligent entertainment of fears regarding possible failures. Almost all of us refuse to undertake great activities, being afraid of failures, and even those who dare to undertake noble endeavors, invariably become nervous ere they finish them, again, due to their inward dissipation. To avoid such wasteful expenditure of mental energy and work with the best that is in us, dedicated to the noble cause of the work undertaken, is the secret prescription for the noblest creative inspi¬ration; and, such work must always end in brilliant success. This is the eternal law of activity in the world. The future is always carved out in the present. To¬morrow’s harvest depends upon today’s ploughing and sowing. If one becomes unhealthy and inefficient in the present certainly he has no reason to hope for a greater future.
In short, the Lord’s advice here is a call to man not to waste his present moment in fruitless dreams and fears, but to bring his best—all the best in him—to the PRESENT and vitally live every moment, the promise being, that the future shall take care of itself, and shall provide the Karma-Yogin with the achievements divine and accomplishments supreme.
The fear in man about the hereafter has risen from his failure to appreciate the logical continuity and the per¬fect sequence that is ever found in life. To consider that death is the end of an existence which started with the accident of birth, is a philosophy too rudimentary to be considered complete and exhaustive. In fact, it is only with a stretch of imagination that we can consider such a theory as a philosophy.
Daring intellects, bravely pushing ahead in the quest to understand and comprehend the laws of life and the meaning and purpose of the universe, cannot but accept that the existence of an individual in its present embodiment is but a single pearl in the necklace of Infinite Beauty, adorning the bosom of Truth. The present is the product of the past, and thought by thought, action by action, knowledge by knowledge we are creating for ourselves in the present the blue-print of our future. Therefore, the Hindus believe in the previous lives as well as in future births for all embodied souls; this is otherwise called the theory of re-incarnation.
The hereafter is ordered by the actions, performed and the motives entertained here. Actions in life can be mainly classified as good and evil; and the pursuers of evil can only slip down the path of evolution. Those who are doing good work alone can start their climb on to the higher points on the tower of their spiritual progress. Even here, there is a distinction between (a) actions performed with desires and (b) those that are performed in a spirit of dedicated love and in a sense of divine worship. Those who are employing themselves in the worship of the Lord with desire for heavenly enjoyments will, after their death, reach those planes-of-consciousness which are conducive for exhausting all such desires, and having exhausted these desires therein, they will take their birth again, here in the world, “in the houses of the pure and prosperous.” In short, all burning desires of every human being will be fulfilled at one time or another or the desires are strong enough and are accompanied by intense activities appropriate for their fulfillment. Those who are pursuing selfless worship of the Lord without the desire for heavenly enjoyments gain more and more easy integration, and as a result of it, they become dynamic minds capable of the highest medi¬tation. The more integrated a personality, the more spiritual he becomes, and therefore, he must be given a chance to fulfill himself, not in heaven, which is a place for enjoyment, but he must arrive right here to strive more diligently and achieve the highest. Such an ego-centre (jeeva) as soon as it leaves one embodiment immediately comes to manifest itself in a conducive atmosphere, where it can continue its pilgrimage without any obstruction. It being an aspiring heart, it should necessarily come to be “born only in a family of wise-men-of-meditation.”
This theory gives a lot of insight into the present day fallacy which gives such an exaggerated importance to one’s unhealthy environments and makes everyone polish against one’s surroundings. No doubt, in some ways than is a creature of his environments; but the same statement, when viewed through the glasses of philosophy gives also insight into the fact that the individuals in their own freedom, had themselves order¬ed in the past their own present environments. By merely changing his environments, the individual concerned cannot progress; a habitual drunkard may still conti¬nue drinking on the sly, even, if he were to be brought into a dry city to live among teetotalers.
Examples like Sankara, Christ, Buddha, and other great masters can be considered as supporting this philoso¬phical theory. Such men of brilliant genius, who, from their very early youth, exhibit super-human knowledge and godly wisdom, are no doubt, rare. Such a born-yogi completes his education much more easily than others, since, to him, it is not an education that is needed, but only a revision, or a recapitulation. In a very short time, he discovers that knowledge is bubbling up from within himself and to him study is but a redis¬covery of a digested knowledge which was already lying, dormant in him.
A man who had in the past lived the life of self-control, study, and practice gathers unto himself those cultural traits and he, in this life, in spite of himself and in spite of all his adverse circumstances, environments and con¬ditions of life, cannot but instinctively come to exhibit— in his attitudes to life, and in his behavior towards the things and beings in the world—a tranquility and a balance, which are a surprise even to himself.
This is no mere theory. The truth of statement is amply evident everywhere in any society, in all strata of its life, in all its professions and in all departments of its activities. Each one of us has an instructive bent of mind, and we are all irresistibly drawn towards it in spite of ourselves. This pull is most powerful when arising from our essential evolutionary tendencies. Even a candid chieftain can, overnight, turn himself to be a determined seeker and, ere long, become a great poet of the land, as Valmiki did in the past. Hundreds of such examples could be noted from our recent history and even amidst us today. In all those cases, the only satis¬factory explanation will be that the individual mind-and-intellect was expressing through its given physical structure its own characteristic tendencies which it had acquired by itself in its past incarnations, through its own willful actions and deliberate motions.